A discussion came up at my job on the most efficient way to return subtotals and totals in one row, something like:

Total A Total B Total C Grand Total
1 2 3 6

I had assumed that PIVOT would be the most straightforward method, but others preferred using CASE statements. So which method is more efficient?

I posted a script on GitHub to build a table with 6 million records to run both kinds of queries against. The results of each will be:

Red Blue White Total
3000000 2000000 1000000 6000000

The PIVOT query:

select [Red], [Blue], [White], ([Red] + [Blue] + [White]) as Total
from (
select RecordColor from dbo.TestPivotCase
) as a
pivot (
count(RecordColor) for RecordColor in ([Red], [White], [Blue])
)as p;

The CASE query:

select
  sum(case when RecordColor = 'Red' then 1 else 0 end) as [Red],
  sum(case when RecordColor = 'Blue' then 1 else 0 end) as [Blue],
  sum(case when RecordColor = 'White' then 1 else 0 end) as [White],
  count(*) as [Total]
from dbo.TestPivotCase;

The plans were almost exactly similar in cost, with the PIVOT with a slightly less cost (49.7 % vs. 50.3%).
The execution plans were very similar.
Case Plan:
caseplan

Pivot Plan:
pivotplan

So both methods have a similar execution plan and run time, with a slight edge to the PIVOT method.