Some resources that cover anti-patterns and code smells with SQL and database design.

A Taxonomy of Software Smells: The database section from a larger book on code smells. These cover database design.

Listing common SQL Code Smells and SQL Code Smells: By Phil Factor from Redgate

Ten Common SQL Programming Mistakes: By Plamen Ratchev from Redgate

A Great book on the subject is SQL Antipatterns by Bill Karwin. It goes into great detail, giving examples of the anti-patterns, alternatives to use, and even some times when it may be permissible to use the pattern after all. I have a post on the book I wrote a while back.